Friday, July 10, 2009

Michelle Scavenger Hunt Assignment #4

50) Eukaryote: This is a single-celled or multicellular organism whose cells contain a distinct membrane-bound nucleus. A eukaryote cell is a cell that has the chromosomes; only plants, animals, fungus, and protists have the eukaryote cells. Eukaryote cells are more structurally and functionally complex then prokaryotic cells, which eubacteria have.
49) Class- Birds~ Order- Columbiformes: This order includes a very wide range of doves and pigeons, about 300 species. This is a picture of a dove that is a local to Levittown. Unlike most birds they are able to pump up water with out tilting their head back, and are most closely related with shore birds. Dodos that are now extinct were once apart of this order.


48) Class- Bird ~ Order - Psttaciformes: Though in this order it is mainly parrots, parakeets, cockatiels, etc, are included as well. There are about 372 species that belong to this order. They are usually found in warm tropical regions or the world like Australia and South America. Some of there characteristics include a curved bill, upright stance, strong legs, and clawed feet.

47) Unicellular Organism: This is picture of yeast and of bagel and bread which consist of yeast. Yeast is a unicellular organism, this means that it has only one cell. Yeast is a living fungus that is used in not only baking but also in medicine and making alcohol.


46) Population: A definition for population is a group of organisms of the same species inhabiting a given area. None can actually know the exact amount population of trees on earth, but like people there are many different kinds of trees. There cherry blossoms tree, oak trees,maple trees, apple trees, pine trees, etc.


45) Tropism:The one on the bottom is the picture a plant that is by a window, instead of growing in the middle and up, it is growing in a slant towards the sun. And the one above is a picture a rose bush that grew straight up instead of bush. This is called tropism which is a response to an external stimulus. In their case the external stimulus is the sun which the plants are attracted to and are growing in that direction.
44) Frond: This is a part of frond, which is a large leaf which has many divisions to it. It is usually referred to palm, ferns and cycad leaves.
43) Enzymes: Milk and cheese both have enzymes, enzymes are proteins that have biological functions. In milk there are all kinds of enzymes such as lipases which break downs fat, lactoperoxidase is used to break down the bacteria that is found int he cows milk. To turn the milk into cheese they need to add the enzyme rennet.
42) ATP: Or also known as adenosine triphosphate. This is the main energy currency all cells use, cells use their supply of ATP to power almost every energy-requiring process they carry out, from making sugars, to supplying activation energy for chemical reactions, and to moving through their environment and growing.
41) Adaptation of an animal: This is a picture of my pet parakeets whom are tropical birds and are native to the Indo-Malayan region. They are now adapted a new life style as house pets instead of living out in the wild and having to fend for themselves.
40) Analogous Structure: The wing on the bird,or on a moth, fly, etc. are analogous structures. Due to the fact that they develop independently as they adopt to functions like flying. The analogous structure are a feature with similar function that develops in unrelated taxonomic groups.
39) Connective Tissue: This is a tissue containing collagen fibroblasts and fatty cells. These tissues support the organ and fills spaces between them and forms cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. Sometimes blood vessels are considered a connective tissue. In my brothers arm there is a ligament and tendons.
38) Rhizome: This is a horizontal stem of a plant that is usually found underground, often sending out roots and shoots from its nodes. They are also called rootstalks or rootstocks. The rhizome is also a storage organ and a means of vegetative propagation.

37) Gibberellins: This is a plant hormone that regulates growth and influences various developmental processes, including stem elongation, germination, dormancy, flowering, sex expressions, enzymes, induction and leaf and fruit senescence. Gibberellins unlike auxin is a function and a structural hormone.
36) Auxin producing area of a plant: The auxin is a hormone that is responsible for the dominant growth on plants. It promotes elongation growth of plant shoot from a growing region of a young seedling. the auxin can also be stored in the plant tissue.


35) Genetic Variation With in a Population: It is possible to identify genetic variations in either quantitative traits- continuously are coded for by many genes- or discrete traits- which are coded for by one or a few genes. Variation can also occur due to different levels of enzymes. Though mainly any variation truly is due to nucleotides in genes. These are three different pictures I took of three different kinds of fishes, they are all within one population but they have genetic variations.

34) Parasitism: This plant is a parasitism plant because it is white instead of green, therefore it does not take part in photosynthesis. Which means like most parasites it takes its nutrients from other life forms. These plants usually have host plants, were they take their water and other nutrients from. The host is probably one of the other budding flowering plants surrounding it or anther plant.

33) Long-day Plant: These are the plants that require more then 6 hours of sunlight, which is usually why they prosper in the summer time. Other plants that are usually long-day plants are spinach and wheat. The plants also need long-days or many hours of sunlight so they can grow more flowers.
32) Amniotic Egg: The amniotic egg is a shelled shelter for reptiles, birds, and egg-laying mammals-like a platypus- so they are able to complete their lives on land. The eggs are also water-retaining eggs. Within the egg an amniotic sac covers the embryo and provides protection for the environment and the provides nutrient.

31) Stigma and Style: The stigma is located at the end of the style, this is were pollen enters the pistil, which is also the reproductive part of the plant.
30) C3, C4, CAM plant: This is rice a C3 plant. This process converts carbon dioxide and ribulose bis-phosphate into 3- phosphoglycerate. All plants go through this as the first step of the Calvin cycle. The plants that survive on C3 fixation survives in places with lots of sunlight, temperatures are moderate, with plenty of ground water.


29) Phloem: Phloem as well as the xylem is also part of the vascular tissue, phloem synthesizes food substances from the leaves and brings it down to other parts of the plant, such as the stem and roots. It consists of sieve elements, various kinds of parenchyma cells, fibers and sclerieds.


28) Xylem: These are pictures of two bushes towards their lower stems and roots, which the xylem is located in the roots. The purpose for the xylem is to absorb the nutrients-such as water and solutes- from the soil through the roots and to help it travel up to the leaves, flowers, etc. The xylem has a thick lignified walls and is part of the vascular tissue.


27) Phyla~ Annelida:The Annelida phyla consists of mostly different kinds of worms and leeches. This worm is an earthworm that also has segments. These organisms usually have a circulatory, nervous, and excretory system with in the segments. The segments help improve their movements. Also it is made up of circular and longitude muscle fibers.
26) Ectotherm: This means that an organism body temperature can change depending on its environment. Cold- blooded animals, reptiles and amphibians, usually are ectothermic, this can entail animals like turtles, snakes, etc.


25) Kingdom~Plantae: This kingdom includes all organisms which are multicellular and undergo photosynthesis, except for algal. They are also autotrophs. This includes trees, bushes, grasses, ferns, herbs, veins, mosses, etc.

24)Kingdom~Animalia: In this kingdom, the species bodies develope overtime, some undergo metamorphosis. Most of these species are able to move freely and independently. This kingdom is also divided into two other categories as well, animals with a vertebrate and animals with out a vertebrate.
23) Endotherm: Organisms that are capable of generating heat to control their own body temperature are considered to be endotherms. Endotherms are able to live in colder environments while ecotherms cannot. My cousin Kabir and my either cousins dog, Rocky, are perfect examples of endotherms.

22) Type of Carbohydrate~ Complex Carbohydrate: In this type of carbohydrate it usually entails different kinds of fibers and starches. Such as bread,pasta, rice, etc- for fiber. For starchy carbohydrates there are potatoes and corn.
21) Type of Carbohydrate~ Simple Carbohydrates: These carbohydrates are usually simple sugars. This usually entails lactose, fructose, and sucrose. Fruits are the richest source for simple carbohydrates, such as honeydew, grapefruit, peach, apricot, etc.


20) Dicots: These pictures are taken of dicots, they are different from monocots because of these characteristics. First their petals are multiples of either four or five, second they have three pores of furrows in the pollen grain, third they have a web of veins on their leaves, fourth their embryo has two cotyledons, and fifth the stem vascular bundles are in a ring.



19) Monocots: These pictures are taken of moncots, they are different then dicots because of these characteristics. First they are petals in the multiple of three, second they have one pair of furrow in pollen grain, third there leaves usually have parallel array of leaf veins, fourth their embryo has only one catyledon, and fifth the vascular stems have scattered bundles.

18) Radial Symmetry: This is a starfish at Petco, starfish are a perfect example for radial symmetry. This is because it has balance distribution of duplicated parts, its five legs, that are arranged around a central oral.

17)Heterotroph: This is a picture of a parakeet which is a heterotroph. A heterotroph is an organism that depends in complex organic substances for nutrition. This is because it cannot synthesis its own food.

16)Pollinator: A pollinator is an insect that carries pollen from one flower to another, or transfer pollen from a stamen to a pistil. Bees are better pollinators then wasps, mostly because the wasps surface is smoother and has less places to have the pollen cling on. This is a picture of a wasp that had probably help pollinate our garden. Hummingbirds are also very good pollinators.


15)Exoskeleton: This is an external skeleton that supports and protects the body. Different animals have an exoskeleton such as, lobsters, insects, tortoise, spiders, crabs, etc.

14)Phyla~Arthropoda : In the arthropoda phyla there are lobsters, insects, butterflies, centipedes, millipedes, crabs, shrimps, etc. These are some pictures of lobsters at a local market. Some of the characteristics include having a vertebrate, exoskeleton, a segmented body- which is usually in two or three segments- and joint attachment.

13)Phyla~ Echinodermata:This phyla also contains marine animals like the starfish and the sea cucumber. They usually are spiny-skinned animals. Their bodies also has more than two cell layers- tissues and organs- don't contain a head, nor do they have excretory organs, they tend to feed on small particles in the water, and they don't live in a salt water environment.

12)Phyla~Mollusca:The Mollusca phyla members include snails, slugs, squids, etc. Unfortunately you aren't able to see the snail properly since it is hiding in one and in the other the flash is blocking it. The mollusaca phyla characteristics usually include being a marine organism, usually can fresh water- but there are some that are some snails that are salt water. And have a cavity used for breathing, excretion, and structure for nervous system. 11)Phyla~Chordata: For an animal to belong to the chordata phyla it must have a vertebrate, like this parakeet. Fishes, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals, are also a part of the chordata phyla. The animals that take part in this phyla also have segmented parts, such as muscles. Plus a complete digestive system, and a bony or cartilaginous endoskeleton.

10)Asexual Reproduction: These Asexual reproduction plants are dandelions that are growing behind the bushes in the front yard. They have asexual reproduction because they have only one parent plant and are genetically identical to that one parent. Also they're cell division is called mitosis.

9)Cuticle Layer of a Plant: The cuticle layer of a plant has similar characteristics as our skin's. The cuticle is the outer most layer of plants leaf, which is made up of waxy or fatty non cellular wall. Besides supporting the structure of the leafs the cuticles also protects the plant from physical and chemical harm.

8)Epithelial Tissue: This tissue is the outer most layer of our bodies and major organs. These are the pictures of my brothers hand showing his epithelial tissue. This specific layer of skin is used as a defense from the world. This is also used as a sensory perception and is used to absorb or diffuse different substances.

7)Endosperm: These are pictures of a cracked plum pit, the outer hard shell of the pit and the seed, which is somewhat in the middle. This is an endosperm because it is a storage tissue for the plum, this were the fruit would store necessary nutrients for the embryo.
6)Animal that has a Segmented Body: I'm not sure the name of this insect, it is not a spider because it has wings, but I found it on the siding of my house. Its different segments are its legs, wings, and its body.

5)Flower Ovary: These are the flowers that I am growing for a different summer assignment for AP Bio. The flower ovary is within the plant. The style and the stigma are both connected to the ovary and in the ovary are the ovules. The flower ovary is also the part of the plant that produces fruit.
4)Anther & Filament of Stamen: This is another picture taken from my neighbors garden. With this particular flower it is easier to see both the anther and the filament of the stamen. The stamen is located at the center of the flower, and the anther is the tip of the filament. The anther is usually the part of the flower and the stamen that holds the pollen. The Filament is the part of the flower that connects the anther to the corolla.

3)Pollen: These pictures were taken form my neighbor's garden. These flowers like many flowers produce pollen. Pollen is the fine powder like substance on the flowers that contain the male gametes, this is usually made in the anther of the plant.
2)Autotroph: This is a picture of bush that is commonly found on most Long Island yards. This bush like most plants is an autotroph. It is an autotroph because it is able to make its own food source, like glucose, from simple inorganic compounds.

1)Cambium: These are the pictures of the tree in my backyard. The cambium is located between the actual wood and the outer and inner layers of bark. The Cambium helps make a new layer of bark for the spring.